LONDRA –Margaret Thatcher, oggi 8 aprile è morta a 87 anni, a causa di un ictus. Malata da tempo, la Thatcher fu il primo premier donna della Gran Bretagna ed esponente di una conservatorismo liberale che negli anni ’80 arrivò a contagiare gli Stati Uniti. A Londra, subito dopo la diffusione della sua notizia, decine di persone hanno lasciato fiori e messaggi davanti alla casa in cui viveva.
La “Lady di ferro” è stata una figura controversa. Nei suoi 11 anni a Downing Street, segnati dalle privatizzazioni e dalle vittorie nel braccio di ferro con i sindacati e nella guerra delle Falkland, fu una delle figure più amate ma anche più detestate della Gran Bretagna del dopoguerra.
Margaret Hilda Roberts, questo il suo nome da nubile, era nata il 13 ottobre 1925 a Grantham, nel Lincolnshire, da una famiglia protestante metodista: il padre, Alfred, era un droghiere. Laureata in chimica, cominciò ad occuparsi di politica già all’università, diventando presidente di un’associazione studentesca conservatrice. Nel 1950 e 1951 a Dartford fu sconfitta alle elezioni dal candidato Labour ma conquistò comunque molti consensi che ridussero il grande vantaggio che il Partito laburista deteneva in città.
Nel partito conservatore del Kent conobbe Denis Thatcher che sposò nel 1951, convertendosi all’anglicanesimo. Nel 1953 la coppia ebbe due gemelli, Mark e Carol e Margareth diventò avvocato di professione. Nel 1959 fu eletta alla Camera dei Comuni. Nel 1961 divenne Segretario parlamentare al Ministero delle Pensioni, carica che mantenne fino al 1964, quando i conservatori persero le elezioni; in seguito ottenne alcune cariche all’interno del partito. Fu uno dei pochi conservatori a votare a favore della depenalizzazione dell’omosessualità maschile e dell’aborto.
Votò per il mantenimento della pena di morte durante le votazioni che l’avrebbero abolita. Con i conservatori al potere nel 1970 (Edward Heath premier) la Thatcher divenne ministro dell’Istruzione ma fu costretta ad imporre misure impopolari a causa dei tagli, come l’abolizione del latte gratuito nelle scuole per i bambini tra i 7 e gli 11 anni, da cui il soprannome di “Thatcher, the milk snatcher” (Thatcher, la ruba latte).

FILE - This is a 1980 file photo showing British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Ex-spokesman Tim Bell says that Thatcher has died. She was 87. Bell said the woman known to friends and foes as "the Iron Lady" passed away Monday morning, April 8, 2013. (AP Photo/File)
FIL:E - This is a Tuesday, Feb. 21, 1989 file photo of British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl during a press conference in the Frankfurt City Hall in Frankfurt Germany . Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, whose conservative ideas made an enduring impact on Britain, died Monday April 8, 2013. She was 87. (AP Photo/Kurt Strumpf, File)
FILE - In a Thursday Oct.13, 2005 file photo, Queen Elizabeth of Britain is greeted by Margaret Thatcher, right, at the former British Prime Minister Thatcher's 80th birthday party in Central London. Thatchers former spokesman, Tim Bell, said that the former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher died Monday morning, April 8, 2013, of a stroke. She was 87.(AP Photo/Max Nash, File)
FILE - In a June 10, 1984 file photo, Britain's Queen Elizabeth II, second left, stands with, West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl, left, U.S. President Ronald Reagan, second right, and Britain's Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher at London's Buckingham Palace, prior to a dinner for summit leaders. Thatchers former spokesman, Tim Bell, said that the former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher died Monday morning, April 8, 2013, of a stroke. She was 87. (AP Photo, File)
April 8, 2013 - London, London, UK - London, UK Flowers left at the house where former Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher lived in central London. Lady Thatcher dies this mooring from a suspected stroke. Lapresse Only italy Photo credit : Stephen Simpson/LNP.
April 8, 2013 - London, London, UK - London, UK Flowers left at the house where former Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher lived in central London. Lady Thatcher dies this mooring from a suspected stroke. Lapresse Only italy Photo credit : Stephen Simpson/LNP.
April 8, 2013 - London, London, UK - London, UK Flowers left at the house where former Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher lived in central London. Lady Thatcher dies this mooring from a suspected stroke. Lapresse Only italy Photo credit : Stephen Simpson/LNP.
April 8, 2013 - London, London, UK - London, UK Flowers left at the house where former Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher lived in central London. Lady Thatcher dies this mooring from a suspected stroke. Lapresse Only italy Photo credit : Stephen Simpson/LNP.
April 8, 2013 - London, London, UK - London, UK Flowers left at the house where former Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher lived in central London. Lady Thatcher dies this mooring from a suspected stroke. Lapresse Only italy Photo credit : Stephen Simpson/LNP.
April 8, 2013 - London, London, UK - London, UK Flowers left at the house where former Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher lived in central London. Lady Thatcher dies this mooring from a suspected stroke. Lapresse Only italy Photo credit : Stephen Simpson/LNP.
April 8, 2013 - London, England, United Kingdom - Flowers are left at the house where former Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher lived in central London. Lady Thatcher died this morning from a suspected stroke. Lapresse Only italy
FILE - This is a July 29, 1987 file photo of French President Francois Mitterrand and his guest British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher aa they gesture in front of the Elysee Palace in Paris, France. Margaret Thatcher’s former spokesman, Tim Bell, said that the former prime minister had died Monday April 8, 2013 of a stroke. She was 87. (AP Photo/File)
FILE - This is a June 9, 1983. file photo of British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher leaves the Castle lane, Westminster, London England polling station with her husband, Dennis, after casting their votes in the general election . Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, whose conservative ideas made an enduring impact on Britain Monday April 8, 2013, has died. She was 87. (AP Photo/Peter Kemp)












